I just re-read Longitudinal Qualitative Research Analyzing Change through Time by Johnny Saldaña (Altamira, 2003). I have had this book for a couple of years but am just now considering details of a longitudinal qualitative project, so I read it seriously and have just begun another work I will probably post about in the near future. One of the recommendations Saldaña made for researcher trying to understand change over time was to ask people directly how they have changed. This is one of those amazingly common sense things - that I have heard in other forms through the years (e.g., if you want to know how someone has been successful at something, ask them how they have been successful at that thing) although I realized that I probably do not do this nearly enough. How many interview guides steer all around the issue without coming right out and asking about it? How many times is the research question one of the interview questions? As I reflected about this, I speculated that I avoid asking direct questions due to fear of not getting as much information - although there is no reason not to ask indirect or probing questions as well as direct questions - and, just maybe a little bit of a lingering fear of letting people know what I'm looking for as if that somehow biases the research or contaminates the responses.
On the contrary, in real practice, I have gotten great responses from people - sometimes reflecting their actual experiences and sometimes speculative - by asking direct questions. I do think these might work well closer to the end than the beginning of the conversation - to avoid the tendency to take what you (think you) need and terminate the interview quick. And clearly there are potential misuses - like leading someone to a conclusion you want them to offer organically, and claiming that something "emerged" when you prompted someone to talk about it - but there are similar risks in any research. Certainly I plan to ask people in the last wave of longitudinal data collection in the project I mentioned above: "Can you describe for me how you have changed since X?" Graphic created by me using MindNode Delightful Mind Mapping version 2.4.6
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AuthorI am Sheryl L. Chatfield, Ph.D, C.T.R.S. I am a member of the faculty in the College of Public Health at Kent State University. I also Co-coordinate the Graduate Certificate in Qualitative Research and I am a member of the Design Innovation Team at Kent State. Archives
February 2024
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